Highlights
- •Children in Botswana may experience high pain intensity and may not likely seek pain relief.
- •Parents/guardians and children have adequate knowledge about children’s pain
- •Parents/guardians and children demonstrated positive attitudes towards pain management.
- •Parents/guardians and children are content with pain management despite reporting high levels of acute pain.
- •Modified APS-POQ-R is valid to assess parent/guardians and children’s perceptions and practices in Botswana.
- •Parents/guardians may not consider pain interference with child’s activities as the sick child is expected to be in bed.
Abstract
Background
Perceptions and practices of parties in pediatric pain are critical in children's
access to adequate acute pain management. The personal factors of the child and parents
have been shown to be central to pediatric pain management by the Symptom Management
Theory.
Aim
To describe children and parents/guardians' perceptions (knowledge, attitudes and
beliefs) and practices regarding pediatric acute pain management and explain the influence
of socio-cultural and environmental factors on those perceptions and practices.
Methods
Descriptive cross-sectional survey using modified versions of the American Pain Society
Patient Outcome Questionnaire-Revised among parents/guardians and children.
Results
A convenience sample of 275 parents/guardians and 42 children aged 8 to 13 years admitted
between date November 2018 and February 2019 to two Botswana tertiary hospitals completed
the surveys. Forty-seven percent (n = 129) of parents/guardians reported the child to be in moderate-severe pain, while
38% (n = 16) of children reported pain as moderate-severe at the time of the survey. The
children mean scores for cm-APS-POQ-R were 113(33) while parents/guardian's guardians
for m-APS-POQ-R were 123(26). The subscales except for the parents/’guardians' pain
interference (p = .96) were statistically significant (p = .000), showing adequate knowledge, positive attitudes and high pain intensity for
both parents/guardians and children.
Conclusion
Parent/guardians and children reported a high incidence of acute pain, were content
with pain management services, and showed adequate knowledge of pediatric pain and
its management. The incongruence between the intensity of pain, satisfaction on the
adequacy of pain management and knowledge and attitudes demonstrated in this study
need further inquiry.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 18, 2022
Accepted:
February 10,
2022
Received in revised form:
January 23,
2022
Received:
October 20,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
