Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), with the current prevalence at one in 44 children,
is the most rapidly escalating neurodevelopmental disorder in the United States. While
the 2000 to 2018 Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network reports
indicate progress toward identifying children with ASD by age 24 months, the actual
age at which most children receive a diagnosis, ranging between age 51 to 53 months,
has not significantly changed since 2000. Racial and gender disparities further complicate
ASD identification. This article explores past ADDM findings to highlight ASD identification
practices and provide relevant care management recommendations for primary care clinicians.
Armed with this information, clinicians can improve ASD identification in their practice
and advocate for beneficial, evidence-based health policies that decrease known disparities
and enhance ASD care management for all.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of Pediatric Nursing: Nursing Care of Children and FamiliesAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Autism spectrum disorder.
- Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders—Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, six sites, United States, 2000.MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2007; 56
- Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders—Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 14 sites, United States, 2002.MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2007; 56
- Brief update: prevalence of autism spectrum disorders—autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, United States, 2004.MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2009; 58
- Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders—Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, United States, 2006.MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2009; 58
- Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders—Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 14 sites, United States, 2008.MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2012; 61
- Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years—Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 sites, United States, 2010.MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2014; 63
- Prevalence of autism spectrum dis-order among children aged 8 years—Autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2014.MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2018; 67: 1-23
- Excess mortality and causes of death in autism spectrum disorders: A follow up of the 1980s Utah/UCLA autism epidemiologic study.Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2013; 43: 1196-1204
- Screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder for healthcare providers.
- Pediatric workforce shortages persist [Fact Sheet].
- Prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years—Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 sites, United States, 2012.MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2016; 65
- Practice parameter: Screening and diagnosis of autism: Report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the Child Neurology Society.Neurology. 2000; 55: 468-479
- Whittling down the wait time: exploring models to minimize the delay from initial concern to diagnosis and treatment of autism Spectrum disorder.Pediatric Clinics of North America. 2016; 63: 851-859
- Prevalence and variation of developmental screening and surveillance in early childhood.JAMA Pediatrics. 2018; 172: 857-866
- Mortality and cause of death of Australians on the autism spectrum.Autism Research. 2019; 12: 806-815
- Identification, evaluation, and management of children with autism spectrum disorder.Pediatrics. 2020; 145: e20193447
- Primary care of children with autism spectrum disorder: Applying evidence-based interventions.The Nurse Practitioner. 2020; 45: 33-41
- The prevalence of parent-reported autism spectrum disorder among US children.Pediatrics. 2018; 142e20174161
- Prevalence and characteristics of autism Spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years — Autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2018.MMWR Surveill Summ 2021. 2021; 70: 1-16
- Prevalence of autism Spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years — Autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2016.MMWR Surveill Summ 2020. 2020; 69: 1-12
- Mortality and causes of death in autism spectrum disorders: An update.Autism. 2008; 12: 403-414
- Autism spectrum disorder.
- MICH-29: Increase the proportion of young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental delays who are screened, evaluated, and enrolled in special services in a timely manner.
- Prevalence and trends of developmental disabilities among children in the United States: 2009–2017.Pediatrics. 2019; 144
- Disparities in diagnosis and service access for minority children with ASD in the United States.Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2019; 49: 4320-4331
Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 06, 2022
Accepted:
April 18,
2022
Received in revised form:
April 18,
2022
Received:
November 14,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
