Highlights
- •The scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for evaluating the concept of pain in children aged 8–12.
- •Health care professionals, especially nurses, can evaluate children's pain concepts using this scale.
- •The scale can be used for targeted pain science education and the effectiveness of the education.
Abstract
Background and purpose
Pain experiences in childhood are very likely to be reflected in adulthood. The early
evaluation of the concept of pain in children may eventually lead to.
better patient outcomes in the future. Therefore, we aimed to culturally and developmentally
adapt the Concept of Pain Inventory for Children (COPI) for Turkish children.
Methods
This descriptive, correlational study was conducted with 239 post-operative children
aged 8–12 years between June and December 2021. The research adhered to COSMIN guidelines.
The data were collected using a descriptive information form and the COPI. Factor
analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and item–total score analysis were used for the data analysis.
Results
The resulting unidimensional scale consists of 12 items in Turkish. The scale explained
65% of the total variance. The exploratory factor analysis showed that the factor
loadings of items ranged from 0.64 to 0.91. The confirmatory factor analysis showed
that the factor loadings of items ranged from 0.66 to 0.92. Goodness of fit indexes
were found to be as follows: Normed Fit Index >0.90; Incremental Fit Index >0.90;
Comparative Fit Index >0.90; and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation <0.08.
The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.78 (reliable).
Conclusions
The 12-item Turkish translation of the COPI was deemed valid and reliable in 8–12-year-old
children in a post-operative setting.
Practice implications
Evaluation of children's pain concepts during childhood may contribute to the identification
of conceptual gaps for pain science education.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 14, 2022
Accepted:
May 25,
2022
Received in revised form:
May 23,
2022
Received:
March 31,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
